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A petição de um trabalhador rural sobre o seu manto

Um trabalhador da Judá do século VII reclama por um manto apreendido — exatamente o caso que a lei do Êxodo e do Deuteronómio regula.

Confirmado pelo terrenoInscriçãolate 7th century BC

The potsherd on which a field worker petitions for his seized cloak
פעמי-עליון · CC BY-SA 4.0

A harvester writes to the governor: he finished his measure of grain, and a man took his cloak and has not given it back. The law in Exodus and Deuteronomy says a garment taken in pledge must be returned before sunset, because it is the man's only covering.

Your servant reaped and finished, and stored a few days ago… and Hoshavyahu came and took your servant's garment… all my companions will testify for me.
Meṣad Ḥashavyahu ostracon
Encontrado
Meṣad Ḥashavyahu, on the coast near Yavneh-Yam, Israel, 1960 — Joseph Naveh's excavation
Conservado em
Israel Museum, Jerusalem
Língua
Hebrew
Como chegou até nós
Escavado, ou ainda de pé onde foi construído.

O que mostra

The petition never cites a law. It shows the situation the biblical law addresses, and a labourer who expects redress.

Como os historiadores o usam

Widely discussed in legal history and in studies of literacy: an ordinary worker had his plea written down.

Na Escritura

Exo 22:26, Exo 22:27, Deu 24:12, Deu 24:13

Fontes

Por enquanto estes textos estão em inglês. As traduções virão.