The heel bone of a crucified man
Crucifixion in first-century Jerusalem is attested in the body of a victim — nailed, and then given ordinary burial.
Confirmado pelo terrenoObjeto1st century AD
In an ossuary inscribed "Yehohanan son of Hagkol" lay a right heel bone with an iron nail still through it, bent at the tip against a knot in the wood. He had been buried properly in a family tomb. It remains the principal physical trace of a Roman crucifixion.
…a nail 11.5 cm long, driven through the right calcaneum, with fragments of olive wood still attached.
- Encontrado
- A tomb at Giv'at ha-Mivtar, northern Jerusalem, 1968 — Vassilios Tzaferis's excavation
- Conservado em
- Israel Antiquities Authority
- Língua
- Aramaic (ossuary inscription)
- Como chegou até nós
- Escavado, ou ainda de pé onde foi construído.
O que mostra
It shows the practice, and that a crucified man could be released for burial. It has nothing to do with any particular execution. Early reconstructions of the body's exact posture were later revised.
Como os historiadores o usam
The standard physical reference in any study of Roman crucifixion.
Na Escritura
Ligado a
Fontes
- Tzaferis, "Jewish Tombs at and near Giv'at ha-Mivtar", IEJ 20 (1970); Zias & Sekeles, IEJ 35 (1985)
Por enquanto estes textos estão em inglês. As traduções virão.